I live in the Atlantic Highlands of New Jersey. Across the bay is Sandy Hook which was part of the New York Harbor defense system since the Civil War and was always brimming with coastal gun batteries of increasing levels of sophistication and lethality and many of these systems are still there on display. Fort Hancock was largely abandoned after WWll but once the Soviet Union displayed nuclear capability, a Nike missile defense system was set up there with the code name NY-56. Bell Telephone Labs (a few miles away) developed the Nike Surface-to-Air system beginning with the Nike Ajax. There were two other generations of this system which went to the Nike Hercules (also pictured) and the seemingly suicidal nuclear tipped Nike Zeus. All these were designed to repel wings of nuclear armed Soviet bombers. In the analog era were computers were the size of buildings, the area of and around the Hood bristled with arrays of sweep radar, target acquisition radar and detonation radar as well as other multiple sites around the area. Nuclear weapons storage was also provided for Earl Naval Weapons Station a mile away on the Raritan Bay. There were many accidents during those days and there's a little memorial shown for one event. Further inland, there were two massive underground explosions. One was a fired that detonated all the missile that were on-site. Another event hasn't really been explained, but the area is still radioactively contaminated. The area was closed down in the 70s after the SALT treaty was signed and I remember sneaking into the base and found the gutted remains of the Nike Hercules missiles cut in half and displayed in a maintenance lot so Soviet satellites could verify their destruction. The 1953 GM Firebird l looks quite at home here.
Excellent Firebird I model. It looks great in the pictures !
Chicago also had a number of Nike missile air defense sites around the area, both Nike Ajax and Nike Hercules. The Nike Zeus wasn't actually deployed although it did evolve into the Spartan missile, as part of the Sentinel ABM system which was deployed only at a Minuteman missile field and which included an additional Sprint missile for low-altitude interception. The Nike Zeus/Nike-X/Spartan nuclear warhead stage was meant only for an exo-atmospheric interception and detonation above the atmosphere in outer space where it could disable enemy warheads.
@mikedetorrice Talking to the guys that manned the systems that have volunteered to restore the vast radar arrays at the Hook, the nuclear tipped Zeus' only saving grace was the distance away from the Metropolitan area that it would detonate. They had moved the sweep and acquisition radar up to the hill overlooking the Shrewsbury outlet and the ocean to provide that extra distance for engagement. They knew some fallout would be inevitable but knocking out a wave of bombers in one detonation would hopefully guarantee no bombs would make it to US territory. It was, as they say in the medical profession, a case of 'benefit versus risk'. OF course the SALT/ABM treaties limited that type of protection to one target... the Soviets chose Moscow and we chose NORAD.
Great shots. I saw the 1:1 at a Concours Car Show a few years ago. Very unique.
John Merritt
South Lyon, Michigan - USA
